Monday, March 7, 2011

[EQ] FAO: The State of Food and Agriculture 2010-2011 - Women in Agriculture Closing the gender gap for development

The State of Food and Agriculture 2010-2011  

Women in Agriculture -Closing the gender gap for development

Office of Knowledge Exchange, Research and Extension

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO- Rome, Italy

Available online at: http://bit.ly/hXj1zu


“…..This edition of The State of Food and Agriculture addresses Women in agriculture: closing the gender gap for development. The agriculture sector is underperforming in many developing countries, and one of the key reasons is that women do not have equal access to the resources and opportunities they need to be more productive. This report clearly confirms that the Millennium Development Goals on gender equality (MDG 3) and poverty and food security (MDG 1) are mutually reinforcing.

 

“……Women make crucial contributions in agriculture and rural enterprises in all developing country regions, as farmers, workers and entrepreneurs. Their roles vary across regions but, everywhere, women face gender-specific constraints that reduce their productivity and limit their contributions to agricultural production, economic growth and the well-being of their families, communities and countries.

Women face a serious gender gap in access to productive resources. Women control less land than men and the land they control is often of poorer quality and their tenure is insecure. Women own fewer of the working animals needed in farming.

 

They also frequently do not control the income from the typically small animals they manage. Women farmers are less likely than men to use modern inputs such as improved seeds, fertilizers, pest control measures and mechanical tools. They also use less credit and often do not control the credit they obtain.

Finally, women have less education and less access to extension services, which make it more difficult to gain access to and use some of the other resources, such as land, credit and fertilizer. These factors also prevent women from adopting new technologies as readily as men do. The constraints women face are often interrelated and need to be addressed holistically….”

 

Contents


PART I - Women in agriculture: closing the gender gap for development

 

1. The gender gap in agriculture  

Structure of the report and key messages

Key messages of the report

 

2. Women’s work  

Women in agriculture

Women in rural labour markets

 

3. Documenting the gender gap in agriculture  

Land

Livestock

Farm labour

Education

Information and extension

Financial services

Technology

 

4. Gains from closing the gender gap

Productivity of male and female farmers

Production gains from closing the gender gap

Other social and economic benefits of closing the gender gap

 

5. Closing the gender gap in agriculture and rural employment  

Closing the gap in access to land

Closing the gap in rural labour markets

Closing the financial services gap

Closing the gap in social capital through women’s groups

Closing the technology gap

 

6. Closing the gender gap for development  

 

PART II - World food and agriculture in review  

 

Trends in undernourishment

Food production, consumption and trade during the crises

Recent trends in agricultural prices: a higher price plateau, and greater price volatility

Conclusions

 

PART III - Statistical annex  

 

Notes on the Annex tables

 

Table A1  Total population, female share of population and rural share of population in 1980, 1995 and 2010

 

Table A2  Female share of national, rural and urban population aged 15–49, most recent and earliest observations

 

Table A3  Economically active population, female share of economically active population and agricultural share of economically active women in 1980, 1995 and 2010

 

Table A4  Economically active population, agricultural share of economically active population   and female share of economically active in agriculture in 1980, 1995 and 2010

 

Table A5  Share of households in rural areas that are female-headed, most recent and earliest observations, and total agricultural holders and female share of agricultural holders, most recent observation

 

Table A6  Share of adult population with chronic energy deficiency (CED – body mass index less than 18.5) by sex and share of children underweight by sex, residence and household wealth quintile, most recent observations

 

References

Special chapters of The State of Food and Agriculture

 

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This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is part of an effort to disseminate
information Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic inequality in health; Socioeconomic
health differentials; Gender; Violence; Poverty; Health Economics; Health Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics;
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[EQ] A New Vision for Health Systems in the 21st Century: Investing in People

A New Vision for Health Systems in the 21st Century: Investing in People

World Bank - Human Development Network - March 7, 2011

Website: http://bit.ly/hlqe2H

Chair: Cristian Baeza, Sector Director, HDNHE

Keynote Speaker: Hon Julio Frenk, Dean, Harvard School of Public Health Dean and Former Minister of Health, Mexico

Respondent: Al-Karim Haji, Director General and CFO, The Aga Khan Univ.


Panel:

Harvey V. Fineberg, President, Institute of Medicine

Jeffrey L. Sturchio, President and CEO, Global Health Council


Wrap Up:

Alexander S. Preker, Head of Health Industry Group, CICHE

Hope Sukin, HealthTeam Leader, Office of Sustainable Deve., Bureau for Africa, USAID


“….The first decade of the 21st Century ended with a much improved understanding about the health threats facing developing countries as well as innovative and affordable technologies to address them. Despite the financial crisis and economic downturn, global health expenditure has continued to grown rapidly during the past decade both in terms of domestic and donor funding.
The binding constraint to further advances is no longer money or knowledge. It is the lack of people. Hon Julio Frenk will present their vision on these issues and discuss recommendations by the "Global Independent Commission" that he recently chaired in commemoration of the centenary of the Flexner Report….”


Link to the book:
Health Professionals for a New Century: Transforming Education to Strengthen Health Systems in an Interdependent World

http://bit.ly/edUAoJ


Presentation:
 A New Vision for Health Systems in the 21st Century: Investing in People – Julio Frenk http://bit.ly/gBmzPE

 

 *      *     *
This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is part of an effort to disseminate
information Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic inequality in health; Socioeconomic
health differentials; Gender; Violence; Poverty; Health Economics; Health Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics;
Information Technology - Virtual libraries; Research & Science issues.  [DD/ KMC Area]
Washington DC USA

“Materials provided in this electronic list are provided "as is". Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings
and interpretations included in the Materials are those of the authors and not necessarily of The Pan American
Health Organization PAHO/WHO or its country members”.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PAHO/WHO Website

Equity List - Archives - Join/remove: http://listserv.paho.org/Archives/equidad.html
Twitter http://twitter.com/eqpaho






IMPORTANT: This transmission is for use by the intended
recipient and it may contain privileged, proprietary or
confidential information. If you are not the intended
recipient or a person responsible for delivering this
transmission to the intended recipient, you may not
disclose, copy or distribute this transmission or take
any action in reliance on it. If you received this transmission
in error, please dispose of and delete this transmission.

Thank you.