Monday, July 7, 2008

[EQ] Learning from our neighbours - Cross-national inspiration for Dutch public health policies: smoking, alcohol, overweight, health inequalities, youth, screening

Learning from our neighbours - Cross-national inspiration for Dutch public health policies: smoking, alcohol, overweight, depression, health inequalities, youth, screening 


[ Leren van de buren : Beleid publieke gezondheid internationaal bezien: roken, alcohol, overgewicht, depressie, gezondheidsachterstanden, jeugd, screening ] 

Wilk EA van der, Melse JM, Broeder JM den, Achterberg PW

ISBN: 9789031351398 - RIVM Rapport 270626001 

National Institute for Public Health and The Environment - The Netherlands , 2008

 

Available online PDF [208p.] at: http://www.rivm.nl/bibliotheek/rapporten/270626001.pdf

 

“…..This report was compiled at the request of the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport to gain more insight into the possibilities for improving health in the Netherlands, by looking at policies in other countries. Its main purpose is to gain inspiration, find out where we can learn from other countries and where there may still be unused chances for Dutch public health policy. It will enable us to take a fresh look at our own policies. This report is mainly looking for inspiration, opportunities and possibilities that can arise from an international orientation towards health policy.

 

To obtain a good impression of the public health policies in other countries, the first section explains what is understood by public health and how we have to look at the policies in other countries (Section 1.2). Section 1.3 describes the scope and the method that was used. This general introduction to the report ends with a summary (Section 1.4) of the rest of the report, namely the seven thematic chapters that discuss smoking, alcohol, overweight, depression, health inequalities, youth and screening…”

 

Contents

Key findings

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

1.2 Public health policy: What is it and why look at other countries?

1.2.1 What is public health?

1.2.2 What is public health policy?

1.2.3 Learning from our neighbours?

1.3 Methods and procedures

1.3.1 Selecting the themes for the individual chapters

1.3.2 Selecting the countries

1.3.3 Collecting information and sources that were used

1.4 Outline of the report  - References

2 SMOKING

2.1 Introduction

2.1.1 Adverse effects of smoking

2.1.2 International perspective on smoking

2.2 Smoking policy in an international context

2.3 Policy implementation concerning smoking

2.3.1 Effectiveness of anti-smoking policy

2.3.2 Anti-smoking policy in the Netherlands

2.3.3 Anti-smoking policy comparison among countries

2.4 Discussion and conclusions - References

3 ALCOHOL

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Adverse effects of alcohol consumption

3.1.2 Alcohol consumption in international perspective

3.2 Alcohol policies in an international context

3.3 Policy practice on alcohol

3.3.1 Effectiveness of alcohol policies

3.3.2 Alcohol policy in the Netherlands

3.3.3 Country comparison of alcohol policies

3.4 Discussion and conclusions - References

4 OVERWEIGHT

4.1 Introduction

4.1.1 Undesired effects of overweight and obesity

4.1.2 Overweight from an international perspective

4.2 International frameworks and policies on overweight and obesity

4.3 Policy measures concerning overweight

4.3.1 The effectiveness of overweight prevention

4.4 Comparison of policies for overweight and obesity between countries

4.4.1 Finland: emphasis on physical activity and intersectoral collaboration

4.4.2 United States: need for effective action becoming more urgent

4.4.3 France: many new initiatives including new legislation

4.4.4 Striking initiatives against overweight in other countries

4.5 Discussion and conclusions

5 DEPRESSION

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Policy in the Netherlands

5.2.1 Infrastructure

5.2.2 Action points for Dutch policy

5.3 Dutch policy in relation to international policy frameworks

5.3.1 EU and WHO priorities

5.3.2 How do Dutch policies comply with international policy frameworks?

5.4 Policies of model countries on preventing depression

5.4.1 Scotland

5.4.2 Finland

5.4.3 Australia

5.5 Discussion and conclusions

6 HEALTH INEQUALITIES

6.1 Introduction

6.2 International policy frameworks

6.2.1 EU policy

6.2.2 World Health Organization

6.2.3 Link with other international frameworks

6.3 Policy practice around health inequalities

6.3.1 Policy in the Netherlands

6.3.2 Policy in England

6.3.3 Policy in Sweden

6.3.4 Policy in New Zealand

6.4 Discussion and conclusions - References

7 YOUTH

7.1 Introduction

7.1.1 Young people as target group

7.1.2 Health and well-being of young people from an international perspective

7.2 International policy frameworks

7.3 Visions on youth policy

7.3.1 The Netherlands

7.3.2 England

7.3.3 Belgium (Flanders)

7.3.4 Sweden

7.4 Local collaboration in easily accessible centres

7.4.1 The Netherlands

7.4.2 England

7.4.3 Belgium (Flanders)

7.4.4 Sweden

7.5 The Healthy School

7.5.1 The Netherlands

7.5.2 England

7.5.3 Scotland

7.5.4 Germany

7.6 Discussion and conclusions - References

8 Screening

8.1 Introduction

8.2 International policy frameworks

8.2.1 WHO and the European Union

8.2.2 The policies of individual countries

8.3 New developments in existing screening programmes

8.3.1 Breast cancer screening

8.3.2 Cervical cancer screening

8.3.3 Neonatal screening

8.3.4 Prenatal screening

8.4 New screening programmes

8.4.1 Chlamydia screening

8.4.2 Colorectal cancer screening

8.5 Discussion and conclusions - References

APPENDIX 2 SMOKING

APPENDIX 3 OVERWEIGHT

APPENDIX 4 SCREENING

 

This investigation has been performed by order and for the account of Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport, within the framework of International Comparisons of Public Health

 

 

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         This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is part of an effort to disseminate 
         information Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic inequality in health; Socioeconomic 
         health differentials; Gender; Violence; Poverty; Health Economics; Health Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics; 
         Information Technology - Virtual libraries; Research & Science issues.  [DD/ KM
S Area] 

         “Materials provided in this electronic list are provided "as is". Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings
         and interpretations included in the Materials are those of the authors and not necessarily of The Pan American
         Health Organization PAHO/WHO or its country members”.

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[EQ] Health Workforce and International Migration

Health Workforce and International Migration:

Can New Zealand Compete?


Pascal Zurn and Jean-Christophe Dumont

OECD Health Working Paper No. 33

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD, 2008

 

Available online PDF [58p.] at: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/46/41/40673065.pdf

 

“….This paper examines health workforce and migration policies in New Zealand, with a special focus on the international recruitment of doctors and nurses.


The health workforce in New Zealand, as in all OECD countries, plays a central role in the health system. Nonetheless, maybe more than for any other OECD country, the health workforce in New Zealand cannot be considered without taking into account its international dimension.


New Zealand has the highest proportion of migrant doctors among OECD countries, and one of the highest for nurses. There is no specific immigration policy for health professionals, although the permanent and temporary routes make it relatively easy for doctors and nurses who can get their qualification recognised to immigrate in New Zealand. At the same time, New Zealand also has high emigration rates of health workers, mainly to other OECD countries. International migration is thus at the same time an opportunity and a challenge for the management of the human resources for health (HRH) in New Zealand.


Increasing international competition for highly skilled workers raises important issues such as sustainability and ability to compete in a global market. In this context, new approaches to improve the international recruitment of health workers, as well as developing alternative policies, may need to be considered. As for international recruitment, better coordination and stronger collaboration between main stakeholders could contribute to more effective and pertinent international recruitment….”

 

Content:

SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION

1. OVERVIEW

Health workforce density: occupational, regional and trend variations Demographic characteristics of the health workforce: feminization and ageing

Immigrant and expatriate health workforce: New Zealand in a global context

2. HEALTH WORKFORCE MANAGEMENT: TAKING ADVANTAGE OF INTERNATIONAL  MOBILITY

2.1 Health Care reforms and health workforce planning

2.2 Education policies and recognition of foreign qualification

2.3 National and international recruitment

Estimating.and responding to.shortages of health personnel

International recruitments: immigration policy as a management tool of the health workforce?

2.4 Retention and emigration

2.4 Retirement

3. FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

4. CAN NEW ZEALAND COMPETE?

CONCLUDING REMARKS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

ANNEX 1 Foreign-born health professionals by main country or region of origin, New Zealand

ANNEX 2 Medical education pathway in New Zealand

ANNEX

 

       *      *      *     *  
         This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is part of an effort to disseminate 
         information Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic inequality in health; Socioeconomic 
         health differentials; Gender; Violence; Poverty; Health Economics; Health Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics; 
         Information Technology - Virtual libraries; Research & Science issues.  [DD/ KM
S Area] 

         “Materials provided in this electronic list are provided "as is". Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings
         and interpretations included in the Materials are those of the authors and not necessarily of The Pan American
         Health Organization PAHO/WHO or its country members”.

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    IMPORTANT: This transmission is for use by the intended recipient and it may contain privileged, proprietary or confidential information. If you are not the intended recipient or a person responsible for delivering this transmission to the intended recipient, you may not disclose, copy or distribute this transmission or take any action in reliance on it. If you received this transmission in error, please notify us immediately by email to infosec@paho.org, and please dispose of and delete this transmission. Thank you.  

[EQ] Global Health Governance

Working Group Meeting: Global Health Governance

Board on Global Health (BGH) - US Institute of Medicine, June 2008

 

A working group of the Committee on the U.S. Commitment to Global Health held a public meeting on global health governance on June 26th, 2008
Washington, DC.

 

The working group meeting addressed opportunities to advance U.S. engagement in global health governance. 
Agenda:
http://www.iom.edu/Object.File/Master/55/247/June%2026_%20Governance%20Workshop%20DRAFT%20Agenda_08%2006%2030.pdfn

 

Julian Schweitzer, Director, Health, Nutrition, and Population, World Bank - Opening Remarks

http://www.iom.edu/Object.File/Master/55/689/Sch.pdf

 

Larry Gostin, Associate Dean and Linda D. and Timothy J. O'Neill Professor of Global Health Law, Georgetown University Law Center


PANEL 1: State-centered approaches to global health governance 2: Civil society approaches to global health governance

What major institutions are governing global health, and how effectively? Through what processes are decisions made and implemented? What role do these institutions play in setting priorities? What norms are guiding and constraining these institutions and the processes they use? How can institutions be more nimble to adapt to the changing global environment? Often the internal and external incentives that influence organizational behavior are inconsistent with effective cooperation in governance. Can incentive structures for collaboration, coordination, and better functioning be identified and aligned?

 

Ian Smith, Advisor to the Director-General, WHO

http://www.iom.edu/Object.File/Master/55/687/Smith.pdf

 

David Bell, Senior Medical Officer, Office of Strategy and Innovation, CDC

http://www.iom.edu/Object.File/Master/55/685/Bell.pdf

 

PANEL 2: Civil society approaches to global health governance

Does civil society govern global health, and if so, how effectively? Through what processes are decisions

made and implemented? What role does civil society play in setting global priorities? What norms are

guiding and constraining civil society and the processes they use? At the global level, what are the roles and

limits of civil society as a partner in health governance effectiveness, scale, replicability and sustainability?

What is being done to improve the accountability of civil society?


Seth Berkley, President and CEO, IAVI (teleconference)

David De Ferranti, President and Director of Health Financing Task Force, Results for Development

Josh Lozman, Vote '08 Policy Manager, One Campaign http://www.iom.edu/Object.File/Master/55/681/Lozman2.pdf

Rhona MacDonald, Global Health Watch (teleconference)

 

PANEL 3: Optimal global health architecture and institutions

 

Is the current population of institutions the optimal one? How well are the traditional and newer governance structures working? What are the criteria one might use to identify necessary or productive aspects of institutions, initiatives, frameworks, partnerships, etc? What is the state of innovation in governance today? How can the U.S. improve global health governance?

 

Mark Rosenberg, Executive Director, Task Force for Child Survival and Development
http://www.iom.edu/Object.File/Master/55/679/Rosenberg.pdf

Maria Ivanova, Assistant Professor of Government and Environmental Policy, The College of William and Mary; Director, Global Environmental Governance Project, Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy

Jennifer Prah Ruger, Co-Director of the Yale/World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Health Promotion, Policy and Research

David Fidler, James L. Calamaras Professor of Law, Indiana University

 

Clarion E. Johnson, Medical Director, Medicine and Occupational Health, ExxonMobil’s Global Health Department

June 26, 2008 at: http://www.iom.edu/Object.File/Master/55/683/Johnson.pdf

 

 

 

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         This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is part of an effort to disseminate 
         information Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic inequality in health; Socioeconomic 
         health differentials; Gender; Violence; Poverty; Health Economics; Health Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics; 
         Information Technology - Virtual libraries; Research & Science issues.  [DD/ KM
S Area] 

         “Materials provided in this electronic list are provided "as is". Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings
         and interpretations included in the Materials are those of the authors and not necessarily of The Pan American
         Health Organization PAHO/WHO or its country members”.

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[EQ] World Population Approaches 7 Billion

World Population Approaches 7 Billion

U.S. Census Bureau, June 2008

   “…  World population is projected to reach 7 billion in 2012, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. The world population hit 6 billion in 1999…”

Website: http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/population/012112.html

The Census Bureau’s latest projections show world population growing at a slower pace during the first half of the 21st century than the latter half of the 20th century. The world population doubled from 3 billion in 1959 to 6 billion in 1999, but is projected to increase by only 50 percent between 1999 and 2040.

 Global population growth, about 1.2 percent per year, is projected to decline to 0.5 percent by 2050. However, this growth will be concentrated in less-developed countries.

About 1.5 percent of the current global population is 80 or older, with more than half living in developed countries. By 2050, about 5 percent of the world’s population is projected to be 80 or older, with about three in four likely to be living in less-developed countries. For developed countries, the percentage of the population 80 or older will grow to about 10 percent in 2050.

World population estimates and projections include the impact of HIV and AIDS. Of the 34 countries updated in this revision, nine are hard hit by this pandemic (Benin, Côte d’Ivoire [Ivory Coast], Eritrea, Ethiopia, Guinea, Nigeria, South Africa, Zimbabwe and the Central African Republic). Data for other countries seriously affected by HIV and AIDS are also available from the International Data Base.

    The International Data Base offers online users a choice of ways to retrieve demographic data, including:

·         Country summary pages showing key population indicators  http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idb/summaries.html

·         Tables of demographic indicators for countries and regions http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idb/tables.html

·         Population pyramids showing age and sex composition  http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idb/pyramids.html

 

 

 

       *      *      *     *  
         This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is part of an effort to disseminate 
         information Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic inequality in health; Socioeconomic 
         health differentials; Gender; Violence; Poverty; Health Economics; Health Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics; 
         Information Technology - Virtual libraries; Research & Science issues.  [DD/ KM
S Area] 

         “Materials provided in this electronic list are provided "as is". Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings
         and interpretations included in the Materials are those of the authors and not necessarily of The Pan American
         Health Organization PAHO/WHO or its country members”.

         ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         PAHO/WHO Website: http://www.paho.org/ 
         EQUITY List - Archives - Join/remove: http://listserv.paho.org/Archives/equidad.html  

 

 

 

 

    IMPORTANT: This transmission is for use by the intended recipient and it may contain privileged, proprietary or confidential information. If you are not the intended recipient or a person responsible for delivering this transmission to the intended recipient, you may not disclose, copy or distribute this transmission or take any action in reliance on it. If you received this transmission in error, please notify us immediately by email to infosec@paho.org, and please dispose of and delete this transmission. Thank you.